# H.Con.Res. 89 (119th): A concurrent resolution directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran.

A concurrent resolution directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran.

## How this bill is scored

Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Lane: de_escalation. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
Lane: unauthorized_hostilities. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: general equity.
Lane: war_powers. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Stored polarity: good. A yea supports the bill. A nay is the penalized direction when the tag is scored as a protection. A yea on a credit tag is a credit.
Roll 282: On Agreeing to the Resolution. Vote type: final_passage.
Roll 244: On the Concurrent Resolution H.Con.Res. 89. Vote type: final_passage.
Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The resolution directly restrains the initiation or continuation of hostilities against Iran absent constitutional authorization, which limits unjust killing and upholds lawful authority for war. Its explicit carve-out for defense against imminent attack narrows the measure to unauthorized aggression rather than to all military action. Remaining disputes concern strategy and enforceability rather than moral direction.
Theological note: The measure bears on whether the civil sword is wielded under lawful authority and for just cause. Scripture assigns the sword to government as a servant for justice (Romans 13:4), and Reformed ethics holds that lethal force must be restrained by lawful process and proportion, with defense against imminent attack remaining legitimate. The resolution's concern for constitutional authorization and its preservation of defensive action align with those principles, though strategic judgment about any particular conflict remains prudential.

## Recorded votes

Roll 282: On Agreeing to the Resolution. Yea 214 · Nay 208 · Other 9.
Roll 244: On the Concurrent Resolution H.Con.Res. 89. Yea 49 · Nay 50 · Other 1.

HTML: https://justmeasure.org/bill/hconres-89-119/