# H.J.Res. 104 (119th): This joint resolution opens certain land administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in eastern Montana to coal leasing

This joint resolution opens certain land administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in eastern Montana to coal leasing. Specifically, it nullifies the rule issued by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) relating to the Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan (RMP) Amendment for the Miles City Field Office in Montana. The BLM approved the RMP Amendment on November 20, 2024. The RMP Amendment made no acres available for coal leasing and 1,745,040 acres unavailable for further consideration for coal leasing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

## How this bill is scored

Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Lane: coal_leasing. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: congressional_oversight. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: energy_policy. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: environmental_policy. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: federal_authority. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: land_management. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: land_stewardship. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: land_use. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: regulatory_review. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: resource_management. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Stored polarity: mixed. Only tags the rules mark scoreable on a mixed bill are scored. A yea can draw a penalty or a credit according to the tag. A nay on a tag scored as good can draw a penalty.
Roll 224: On Passage. Vote type: final_passage.
Roll 548: On the Motion to Proceed H.J.Res. 104. Vote type: cloture.
Roll 549: On the Joint Resolution H.J.Res. 104. Vote type: final_passage.
Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The measure is a Congressional Review Act disapproval of a land-use planning decision. It would expand coal leasing access, which serves legitimate economic and energy goods, and it would reverse a conservation-oriented decision. Neither side involves direct moral evil such as abuse, coercion, or unjust killing, so the classification is mixed and prudential rather than good or evil.
Theological note: This bill raises stewardship questions. Scripture assigns humanity a real but accountable dominion over creation (Genesis 1:28; 2:15), which supports the lawful development of land and resources while also requiring care, prudence, and regard for the common good and for future generations. The core dispute is how to weigh resource development against land conservation and climate-related concerns, which is a prudential question rather than a clear moral verdict from the metadata alone.

## Recorded votes

Roll 224: On Passage. Yea 211 · Nay 208 · Other 12.
Roll 548: On the Motion to Proceed H.J.Res. 104. Yea 50 · Nay 47 · Other 3.
Roll 549: On the Joint Resolution H.J.Res. 104. Yea 52 · Nay 47 · Other 1.

HTML: https://justmeasure.org/bill/hjres-104-119/