Bill
S. 4784 (119th): An original bill to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes.
An original bill to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes.
Summary
Recorded summary
S.4784 is an original Senate bill authorizing FY2027 appropriations for Department of Defense military activities, military construction, and Department of Energy defense activities. It sets military personnel strength levels, procurement authorities (including aircraft and ships), military health care and compensation policy, acquisition and contracting rules, policy on foreign military relations (Middle East, Europe, Indo-Pacific), cyber and AI policy, a DOD review of critical defense materials (boron carbide, copper foil, synthetic diamond), Office of Strategic Capital equity investments in batteries and critical minerals, specified military construction projects, and National Nuclear Security Administration and Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board authorizations.
Theological note: Relevant to the Christian duty to civil authority under Romans 13 and to the just use of the sword for restraining evil, which Reformed ethics weighs through general equity. Defense funding and personnel policy are issue-relevant to whether armed force is used justly and for defensive ends, while the metadata does not show a direct authorization of unjust killing or aggressive war. Foreign-entanglement and military-aid provisions warrant review against just-war criteria, but this is not a final candidate judgment.
Scoring
How this bill is scored
- Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
- Lane: appropriations. Category: corruption_stewardship. Lane tag: general equity.
- Lane: critical_minerals. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
- Lane: defense_authorization. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
- Lane: foreign_policy. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
- Lane: military_personnel. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
- Lane: nuclear_security. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
- Lane: war_funding. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
- Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
- Stored polarity: mixed. Only tags the rules mark scoreable on a mixed bill are scored. A yea can draw a penalty or a credit according to the tag. A nay on a tag scored as good can draw a penalty.
- Roll 195: On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed S. 4784. Vote type: cloture.
- Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The bill is a routine annual defense authorization combining ordinary, prudential goods (personnel support, military health care, construction, readiness, nuclear safety oversight, critical-materials security) with war funding and foreign military engagement that carry real moral concerns requiring scrutiny. The summary does not show a direct advancement of moral harm, nor a direct restraint of an evil, so the classification is mixed rather than good or evil.
- Theological note: Relevant to the Christian duty to civil authority under Romans 13 and to the just use of the sword for restraining evil, which Reformed ethics weighs through general equity. Defense funding and personnel policy are issue-relevant to whether armed force is used justly and for defensive ends, while the metadata does not show a direct authorization of unjust killing or aggressive war. Foreign-entanglement and military-aid provisions warrant review against just-war criteria, but this is not a final candidate judgment.
Debt and war Cloture and Tier 1 Procedural votes Scoring mechanics war funding
Roll
Recorded votes
Roll 195 · July 14, 2026, 02:41 PM · On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed S. 4784 · Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Rejected (50-46, 3/5 majority required)
Yea
- ARMSTRONG, ALAN
- BANKS, JAMES E. HON.
- BARRASSO, JOHN A
- BLACKBURN, MARSHA MRS.
- BOOZMAN, SEN. JOHN
- BRITT, KATIE BOYD
- BUDD, THEODORE P
- CAPITO, SHELLEY MOORE
- CASSIDY, WILLIAM M.
- COLLINS, SUSAN M.
- CORNYN, JOHN SEN
- COTTON, THOMAS
- CRAMER, KEVIN MR.
- CRAPO, MICHAEL D
- CRUZ, RAFAEL EDWARD TED
- CURTIS, JOHN
- DAINES, STEVE
- ERNST, JONI K
- FISCHER, DEBRA S.
- GRAHAM NORDONE, DARLINE
- GRASSLEY, CHARLES E
- HAGERTY, BILL
- HAWLEY, JOSHUA DAVID SEN
- HOEVEN, JOHN
- HUSTED, JON
- HYDE-SMITH, CINDY
- JOHNSON, RON HAROLD MR.
- KENNEDY, JOHN NEELY
- LANKFORD, JAMES PAUL
- LEE, MIKE
- LUMMIS, CYNTHIA MARIE MRS.
- MARSHALL, ROGER W
- MCCORMICK, DAVE
- MOODY, ASHLEY
- MORAN, JERRY
- MORENO, BERNIE
- MURKOWSKI, LISA
- PAUL, RAND
- RICKETTS, PETE
- RISCH, JAMES E MR.
- ROUNDS, MIKE
- SCHMITT, ERIC
- SCOTT, RICK SEN
- SCOTT, TIMOTHY E.
- SHEEHY, TIM
- SULLIVAN, DAN
- TILLIS, THOM R SEN
- TUBERVILLE, THOMAS H
- WICKER, ROGER SEN.
- YOUNG, TODD CHRISTOPHER
Nay
- ALSOBROOKS, ANGELA
- BALDWIN, TAMMY
- BENNET, MICHAEL F.
- BLUMENTHAL, RICHARD
- BLUNT ROCHESTER, LISA
- BOOKER, CORY A.
- CANTWELL, MARIA
- COONS, CHRISTOPHER A.
- CORTEZ MASTO, CATHERINE
- DUCKWORTH, L. TAMMY
- DURBIN, RICHARD J.
- GALLEGO, RUBEN
- GILLIBRAND, KIRSTEN
- HASSAN, MARGARET WOOD
- HEINRICH, MARTIN
- HICKENLOOPER, JOHN W.
- HIRONO, MAZIE K.
- KAINE, TIMOTHY MICHAEL
- KELLY, MARK
- KIM, ANDY
- KING, ANGUS S. JR.
- KLOBUCHAR, AMY
- LUJAN, BEN RAY
- MARKEY, EDWARD SEN.
- MERKLEY, JEFFREY ALAN
- MURPHY, CHRISTOPHER S
- MURRAY, PATTY
- OSSOFF, T. JONATHAN
- PETERS, GARY
- REED, JOHN F.
- ROSEN, JACKY
- SANDERS, BERNARD
- SCHATZ, BRIAN
- SCHIFF, ADAM
- SCHUMER, CHARLES E.
- SHAHEEN, JEANNE
- SLOTKIN, ELISSA
- SMITH, TINA
- THUNE, JOHN R.
- VAN HOLLEN, CHRIS
- WARNER, MARK ROBERT
- WARNOCK, RAPHAEL
- WARREN, ELIZABETH
- WELCH, PETER
- WHITEHOUSE, SHELDON
- WYDEN, RONALD L.