# S.J.Res. 185 (119th): A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.

A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.

## How this bill is scored

Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Lane: de_escalation. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
Lane: just_war. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: restraint. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: war. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: war_powers. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Stored polarity: good. A yea supports the bill. A nay is the penalized direction when the tag is scored as a protection. A yea on a credit tag is a credit.
Roll 192: On the Motion to Proceed S.J.Res. 185. Vote type: cloture.
Roll 129: On the Motion to Discharge S.J.Res. 185. Vote type: discharge.
Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The bill directly restrains hostilities that lack congressional authorization, which is a restraint on possible unjust war. Its express defensive exception and its focus on constitutional authorization keep the judgment from being inflated beyond what the text supports, so it is classed as good rather than mixed.
Theological note: The measure concerns whether the use of military force against Iran is subject to congressional authorization. From a Reformed view, decisions to wield the sword belong under lawful, accountable authority, and unjust war is a grave moral concern. The defense carve-out keeps the measure focused on restraining unauthorized offensive hostilities rather than hindering the defense of persons and property.

## Recorded votes

Roll 192: On the Motion to Proceed S.J.Res. 185. Yea 47 · Nay 50 · Other 3.
Roll 129: On the Motion to Discharge S.J.Res. 185. Yea 50 · Nay 47 · Other 3.

HTML: https://justmeasure.org/bill/sjres-185-119/