Bill
S.J.Res. 180 (119th): A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.
A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.
Summary
Recorded summary
This joint resolution directs the President to remove U.S. Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Iran unless Congress has enacted a declaration of war or an authorization for the use of military force for that purpose. It states that it shall not be construed to prevent the United States from defending against an attack on the United States or its personnel or facilities in other nations.
Theological note: The measure bears on the just-war concern that lethal force be authorized by a lawful and accountable authority and not waged without warrant. It also bears on Scripture's concern for restraining bloodshed and on the constitutional order's requirement that war be declared by the body assigned that power. Its explicit self-defense carve-out keeps the issue focused on unauthorized offensive hostilities rather than on repelling attack.
Scoring
How this bill is scored
- Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
- Lane: congressional_authorization. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
- Lane: de_escalation. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
- Lane: war_powers. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
- Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
- Stored polarity: good. A yea supports the bill. A nay is the penalized direction when the tag is scored as a protection. A yea on a credit tag is a credit.
- Roll 207: On the Motion to Discharge S.J.Res. 180. Vote type: discharge.
- Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The bill directly restrains hostilities that lack congressional authorization, which is a restraint on unjust war-making. It preserves defense against attack, so it does not disable legitimate self-defense. The title and summary provide enough information for a prudent high-level judgment of good.
- Theological note: The measure bears on the just-war concern that lethal force be authorized by a lawful and accountable authority and not waged without warrant. It also bears on Scripture's concern for restraining bloodshed and on the constitutional order's requirement that war be declared by the body assigned that power. Its explicit self-defense carve-out keeps the issue focused on unauthorized offensive hostilities rather than on repelling attack.
Debt and war Cloture and Tier 1 Procedural votes Scoring mechanics de escalation
Roll
Recorded votes
Roll 207 · July 23, 2026, 11:51 AM · On the Motion to Discharge S.J.Res. 180 · Motion to Discharge Rejected (47-49)
Yea
- ALSOBROOKS, ANGELA
- BALDWIN, TAMMY
- BENNET, MICHAEL F.
- BLUMENTHAL, RICHARD
- BLUNT ROCHESTER, LISA
- BOOKER, CORY A.
- CANTWELL, MARIA
- COLLINS, SUSAN M.
- COONS, CHRISTOPHER A.
- CORTEZ MASTO, CATHERINE
- DUCKWORTH, L. TAMMY
- DURBIN, RICHARD J.
- GALLEGO, RUBEN
- GILLIBRAND, KIRSTEN
- HASSAN, MARGARET WOOD
- HEINRICH, MARTIN
- HICKENLOOPER, JOHN W.
- HIRONO, MAZIE K.
- KAINE, TIMOTHY MICHAEL
- KELLY, MARK
- KIM, ANDY
- KING, ANGUS S. JR.
- KLOBUCHAR, AMY
- LUJAN, BEN RAY
- MARKEY, EDWARD SEN.
- MERKLEY, JEFFREY ALAN
- MURPHY, CHRISTOPHER S
- MURRAY, PATTY
- OSSOFF, T. JONATHAN
- PADILLA, ALEX
- PETERS, GARY
- REED, JOHN F.
- ROSEN, JACKY
- SANDERS, BERNARD
- SCHATZ, BRIAN
- SCHIFF, ADAM
- SCHUMER, CHARLES E.
- SHAHEEN, JEANNE
- SLOTKIN, ELISSA
- SMITH, TINA
- VAN HOLLEN, CHRIS
- WARNER, MARK ROBERT
- WARNOCK, RAPHAEL
- WARREN, ELIZABETH
- WELCH, PETER
- WHITEHOUSE, SHELDON
- WYDEN, RONALD L.
Nay
- ARMSTRONG, ALAN
- BANKS, JAMES E. HON.
- BARRASSO, JOHN A
- BLACKBURN, MARSHA MRS.
- BOOZMAN, SEN. JOHN
- BUDD, THEODORE P
- CAPITO, SHELLEY MOORE
- CASSIDY, WILLIAM M.
- CORNYN, JOHN SEN
- COTTON, THOMAS
- CRAMER, KEVIN MR.
- CRAPO, MICHAEL D
- CRUZ, RAFAEL EDWARD TED
- CURTIS, JOHN
- DAINES, STEVE
- ERNST, JONI K
- FETTERMAN, JOHN KARL
- FISCHER, DEBRA S.
- GRAHAM NORDONE, DARLINE
- GRASSLEY, CHARLES E
- HAGERTY, BILL
- HAWLEY, JOSHUA DAVID SEN
- HOEVEN, JOHN
- HUSTED, JON
- HYDE-SMITH, CINDY
- JOHNSON, RON HAROLD MR.
- JUSTICE, JAMES CONLEY II
- KENNEDY, JOHN NEELY
- LANKFORD, JAMES PAUL
- LEE, MIKE
- LUMMIS, CYNTHIA MARIE MRS.
- MARSHALL, ROGER W
- MCCORMICK, DAVE
- MOODY, ASHLEY
- MORAN, JERRY
- MORENO, BERNIE
- RICKETTS, PETE
- RISCH, JAMES E MR.
- ROUNDS, MIKE
- SCHMITT, ERIC
- SCOTT, RICK SEN
- SCOTT, TIMOTHY E.
- SHEEHY, TIM
- SULLIVAN, DAN
- THUNE, JOHN R.
- TILLIS, THOM R SEN
- TUBERVILLE, THOMAS H
- WICKER, ROGER SEN.
- YOUNG, TODD CHRISTOPHER